MMIP Resources

In both the US and Canada there are and have been disproportionately high rates of Indigenous people going missing or being murdered, as well as often inappropriate or questionable LE responses to such events. This phenomenon has become known as Missing and Murdered Indigenous People (MMIP). The following terms are used across different sources to describe the crisis:

Missing & Murdered...
Native American Women   (MMNAW) 
Indigenous...
Women   (MMIW)
Women & Girls   (MMIWG)
Women & Children    (MMIWC) 
Women, Girls, & Two-Spirit   (MMIWG2 / MMIWG2S)
Women, Girls, Two-Spirit, & Men   (MMIWG2M / MMIWG2SM) 
Women & Relatives   (MMIWR)
Women & People   (MMIWP) 
Relatives   (MMIR) 
People   (MMIP)   

For simplicity's sake, I will be using the broadest term, MMIP, though when citing a specific source I will use the term used by the author(s). As this blog concerns missing and murdered people in western states as a whole, including MMIP, I thought it important to provide these links, some of which specifically contain information regarding the MMIP cases highlighted on this site.

Below is a non-exhaustive list of resources regarding MMIP, such as hotlines, booklets and guides, research reports and data, infographics, task forces, support services (organizations, women's homes, shelters, family services, LGBTQ resource centers, etc.), and other general information provided by official organizations.

In general, each source is first listed by its overall website, which is usually that of a relevant organization, and then underneath are some of the specific relevant pages. Other, one-off sources are stand-alone. Listed first under each heading are websites and online resources in alphabetical order, followed by alphabetized research reports; the latter are/will be cited using proper citation guidelines (with the exception of yearly reports, which share the same citation information).

I have worked to ensure that everything listed here comes from accredited sources. However, I should note that some sources have their disadvantages: primarily, unlike governmental agencies, Indigenous-led organizations may not have full access to law enforcement data. Non-Indigenous government agencies, on the other hand, do not always operate in a culturally-sensitive or thorough manner. Many of the individual sources go into further detail regarding the gaps in and issues with their data.

As always, I do not claim any of these sources as my own work, though this list itself is. All credit is due toward the original creators.

[Note: Resources listed under specific states consist of a) studies, reports, data, etc. on MMIP in that state or a region of it, and b) organizations based within that state, such as the Sovereign Bodies Institute in California, though the resources that each  organization provides may apply on a national scale.]

United States

Hotlines and Support Services 

For immediate emergencies, please call 911. 

Suicide & Crisis Lifeline: 988 

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 800.856.HOPE

National Runaway Safeline: 1-800-RUNAWAY 

National Human Trafficking Hotline: 1-888-373-7888 

National Domestic Violence Hotline: 1-800-799-SAFE (7233) 

National Deaf Domestic Violence Hotline: 855-812-1001 

National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-TALK (8255)

Hotlines specifically for Indigenous people

StrongHearts Native Helpline: 1-844-7NATIVE (762-8483)

Colorado MMIR Hotline: (833) 900-6647

Further lists are also included below:

Missing & Murdered Unit Victim Services Program, Bureau of Indian Affairs

Hotlines for Victims and Survivors, NIWRC 

Yurok Missing & Murdered Indigenous People Program, Yurok Tribal Court 

MMIP Survivors Resources, Association on American Indian Affairs 


Arizona

MMIWG, Research on Violent Victimization (ROVV) Lab, Arizona State University 

Fox, K. A., Sharp, C., Devereaux, T., et al. (2020). "Reducing missing and
murdered Indigenous women and girls: Arizona’s statewide study
in partnership with the HB2570 legislative study committee." Project report, pdf
Tempe, AZ: ASU ROVV.

Harvey, C., Stanek, K., Sharp, C., et al. (2022). "Missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls: The crisis in Arizona." Infographic, pdf. Tempe, AZ: ASU ROVV.

Missing Persons Unit, Navajo Nation Police Department

California

California Indian Legal Services 

Feather Alert, California Highway Patrol 

 
Lucchesi, A. (2022). "Taaqtam Müüy’müy’k – Hidden Bodies: MMIP of Central & Southern California." Project report, pdf. California: SBI, in collaboration with the San Manuel Band of Mission Indians.

See also the To’ Kee Skuy’ Soo Ney-wo-chek’ Project directly below.
 
Yurok MMIP Program, Yurok Tribal Court
To’ Kee Skuy’ Soo Ney-wo-chek’ Project on MMIP of Northern CA, in collaboration with the Sovereign Bodies Institute

Colorado

Office of the Liaison for Missing and Murdered Indigenous Relatives (OMMIR), Colorado Division of Criminal Justice

New Mexico

 
MMIP Resources   [women's homes, shelters, family services, etc.] 
 
New Mexico MMIWR Task Force (2020). "Report to the Governor and Legislature on the Task Force Findings and Recommendations." Report, pdfNew Mexico Indian Affairs Department.
Appendix A, "Existing MMIWR Support Services," pg.s 45-46 of pdf 
 
New Mexico MMIWR Task Force (2021). "MMIWR Task Force Findings." Infographic, pdf. New Mexico Indian Affairs Department.
 
"New Mexico: What to do if someone goes missing." Infographic, pdf. New Mexico Indian Affairs Department, 2024.
 
"What to do if an Indigenous person goes missing." Poster, pdf. New Mexico Indian Affairs Department, 2024. 

Missing Persons Unit, Navajo Nation Police Department

  

Oregon

MMNAW Work Group. (Sept. 2020). "Oregon State Police Report on Missing and Murdered Native American Women." Report, pdf. Oregon State Police. 
For expansion on issues with this, see the report directly below.

USOA (Feb. 2021). "Missing and Murdered Indigenous Persons Report." Report, pdf. U.S. Attorney’s Office District of Oregon. 

Utah

Austin, J., MartinRogers, N., Granias, A., et al. (2023). "Murdered and Missing Indigenous Relatives (MMIR) Task Force for the Utah Legislature Policy, Best and Emerging Practices, and Current Issues in Utah." Project report, pdf. Wilder Research.

Washington

Echo-Hawk, A., Dominguez, A., & Echo-Hawk, L. (2024). "MMIWG: We Demand More: A corrected research study of missing and murdered Indigenous women & girls in Washington State." Research report, pdf. Seattle: UIHI. Also available below under "National Resources."

MMIWP in Washington, Washington Law Help 

MMIP in Pierce County 

Missing Indigenous Persons, Washington State Patrol (WSP)
List of MIP as of Oct. 20, 2025   [updated regularly at the link above]

WSP (2019). "Missing & Murdered Native American Women Report." Report, pdf. Washington State Patrol.
For expansion on why this report is problematic, see the report "MMIWG: We Demand More" published by the UIHI above. 
 
Washington State MMIWP Task Force, Washington State Attorney General's Office

National Resources 

Bachman, R., Zaykowski, H., Kallmyer, R., et al. (2008). "Violence Against American Indian and Alaska Native Women and the Criminal Justice Response: What is Known." Report, pdf. National Institute of Justice.

Urban Indian Health Institute (UIHI)
Echo-Hawk, A. (2021). "Improving Law Enforcement Data for Missing and Murdered Indigenous People." Research report, pdf. Seattle: UIHI.
 
Echo-Hawk, A., Dominguez, A., & Echo-Hawk, L. (2024). "MMIWG: We Demand More: A corrected research study of missing and murdered Indigenous women & girls in Washington State." Research report, pdf. Seattle: UIHI.
 
Echo-Hawk, A., Vega, E., Gurule, S., et al. (2024). "A Step Toward Justice: Community Informed Law Enforcement MMIP Websites." Research report, pdf. Seattle: UIHI.

Lucchesi, A., & Echo-Hawk, A. (2018). "Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women & Girls: A snapshot of data from 71 urban cities in the United States." Public health surveillance report, pdf. Seattle: UIHI.
 

MMIP State Resources, Office for Victims of Crime, US DOJ

When a Loved One Goes Missing: A Quick Reference Guide for Families of Missing Indigenous Women: What to Do in the First 72 Hours, 2024. Informational booklet.
 
 

MMIWR: Toolkit & Resource Guide for Libraries, American Library Association (ALA)

Canada

Hotlines & Services

Hope for Wellness Helpline: 1-855-242-3310 or chat online at HopeForWellness

MMIWG crisis line: 1-844-413-6649

MMIWG Health and Cultural Support program 

Family Information Liaison Units 

British Columbia 

Government of British Columbia, Ministry of Public Safety and Solicitor General. "A Path Forward: Priorities and Early Strategies for B.C." Documents, pdfs. Status updates available from 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, and 2025.

Government of British Columbia. "Report in Response to Forsaken." Documents, pdfs. Status updates available from 2013, 2014, 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021

Government of British Columbia. "A Vision for a Violence Free BC: Addressing violence against women in British Columbia." Document, pdf. 

Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (2014). "Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women in British Columbia, Canada." IACHR, pdf. 

Missing Women Commission of Inquiry (2012). "Forsaken: The Report of the Missing Women Commission of Inquiry." Vol.s I, IIA, IIB, III, and IV, pdfs. Executive summary also available.

National Resources

Brennan, S. (2011). "Violent victimization of Aboriginal women in the Canadian provinces, 2009." Publication, pdfJuristat, 85-002-X. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.

MMIP Publications, Urban Indigenous Action Group 

AFN (2024). "Breathing Life into the Calls for Justice: A CFJ Progress Report." Report, pdf.  

Native Women's Association of Canada (2009). "Voices of Our Sisters in Spirit: A report to families and communities." Report, pdf. NWAC.

RCMP (2014). "Missing and murdered Aboriginal women: National operational overview." Report, pdf.

RCMP (2015). "Missing and murdered Aboriginal women: 2015 update to the national operational overview." Report, pdf

CAP (2021). "Unveiling Truths: Policing." Report, pdf
CAP (2021). "Unveiling Truths: The Media." Report, pdf.  
CAP (2021). "Unveiling Truths: Sexual Exploitation & Trafficking." Report, pdf.  

Congress of Aboriginal Peoples (2022). "Illuminating the Way: Beholding Power and Place." CAP National Action Plan, pdf.
 
Congress of Aboriginal Peoples (2024). "Illuminating the Way to Action." Bulletin, pdf. 

National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls

National Inquiry into MMIWG (2017). "Executive summary from the interim report." Executive summary, pdf. Versions in Inuktitut and Inuinnaqtun

National Inquiry into MMIWG (2017). "Our women and girls are sacred." Interim report, pdf. Versions in Inuktitut and Inuinnaqtun.

National Inquiry into MMIWG (2018). "Submissions from parties with standing." Multiple written submissions, pdfs.

National Inquiry into MMIWG (2019). "Reclaiming power and place." Final report, vol.s 1a & 1b, pdfs. 

National Inquiry into MMIWG (2019). "Executive summary of the final report." Executive summary, pdf. Inuktitut version

National Inquiry into MMIWG (2019). "Consolidated literature review of reports." Review, Excel spreadsheet

Missing and murdered Indigenous women, girls, and 2SLGBTQI+ people, Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada

The Federal Pathway 

Government of Canada (2021). "Federal Pathway to Address Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women, Girls and 2SLGBTQQIA+ People." Document.

 

Calls for Justice Reporting Tool

Digital library of MMIP resources  

Government of Canada Support Programs & Initiatives 

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